Alcohol And Diseases

Cancer

Reviews
1) Poschl, G., Stickel, F., Wang, X.D. and Seitz, H.K.: Alcohol and cancer: genetic and nutritional aspects. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 63, 65-71, 2004.
2) Crabb, D.W., Matsumoto, M., Chang, D. and You, M.: Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol-related pathology. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 63, 49-63, 2004.
3) Poschl, G., Seitz, H.K.: Alcohol and cancer. Alcohol Alcoholism 39: 155-165, 2004.
4) Brooks, P.J. and Theruvathu, J.A. DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: implications for alchol-related carcinogenesis. Alcohol, 35: 187-193, 2005

Acetaldehyde Toxicity
1) Singh, N. and Kahn, A.: Acetaldehyde: genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in human lymphocytes. Mutation Res. 337, 9-17, 1995.
2) International Agency for Research on Cancer: Allyl compounds, aldehydes epoxides and peroxides. IARC monograph on the evaluation on the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to human, vol 36. pp 101-132, IARC, Lyon, 1985.

Esophageal and Oropharyngolaryngeal Cancer
1) Yokoyama, A., Muramatsu, T., Ohmori, T., Higuchi, S., Hayashida, M. and Ishii. H. Esophageal cancer and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotypes in Japanese males. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark Prev. 5: 99-102, 1996.
2) Hori, H., Kawano, T., Endo, M. and Yuasa, Y.: Genetic polymorphisms of tabacco- and alcohol-related metabolizing enzymes and human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 25: 568-575, 1997.
3) Yokoyama, A., Muramatsu, T., Ohmori, T., Yokoyama, T., Okuyama, K., Takahashi, H., et al.: Alcohol-related cancers and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 in Japanese alcoholics. Carcinogenesis. 19: 1383-1387, 1998.
4) Yokoyama, A., Muramatsu, T., Ohmori, T., Yokoyama, T., Matsushita, S., Higuchi, S., et al.: Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene polymorphisms and oropharyngeal, esophageal and stomach cancers in Japanese alcoholics. Carcinogenesis. 22: 433-439, 2001.
5) Matsuo, K., Hamajima, N., Shinoda, M., Hatooka, S., Inoue, M., Takezaki, T., et al.: Gene-environmental interaction between an aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) polymorphism and alcohol consumption for the risk of esophageal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 22: 913-916, 2001.
6) Yokoyama, A., Watanabe, H., Fukuda, H., Haneda, T., Kato, H., Yokoyama, T. et al.: Multiple cancers associated with esophageal and oropharyngolaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genotype in male Japanese drinkers. Cancer Epidemimol. Biomark Prev. 11: 895-900, 2002.
7) Muto, M., Hitomi, Y., Ohtsu, A., Ebihara, S., Yoshida, S. and Esumi, H.: Association of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene polymorphism with multiple oesophageal dysplasia in head and neck cancer patients. Gut 47: 256-261, 2000.
8) Vakevainen, S., Tillonen, J., Agawal, D.P., Srivastava, N. and Salaspuro, M.: High salivary acetaldehyde after a moderate dose of alcohol in ALDH2-deficient subjects: strong evidence for the local carcinogenic action of acetaldehyde. Alcoholism Clin. Exp. Res. 24: 873-877, 2000.

Colorectal Cancer
1) Murata, M., Tagawa, M., Watanabe, S., Kimura, H., Takeshita, T. and Morimoto, K. Genotype difference of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene in alcoholic drinkers influences the incidence of Japanese colorectal cancer patients. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 90: 711-719, 1999.
2) Yokoyama, A., Muramatsu, T., Ohmori, T., Yokoyama, T., Matsushita, S., Higuchi, S., et al.: Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase gene polymorphisms and oropharyngeal, esophageal and stomach cancers in Japanese alcoholics. Carcinogenesis. 22: 433-439, 2001.
3) Matsuno, K., Hamajima, N., Hirai, T., Kato, T., Koike. K, Inoue, M., Takezaki T, Tajima K. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) genotype affects rectal cancer susceptibility due to alcohol consumption. J. Epidemiol. 12: 70-76, 2002.

Liver Cancer
1) Clemens, D.L., Forman, A., Jerrells, T.R., Sorell, M.F. and Tuma, D.J.: Relationship between acetaldehyde levels and cell survival in ethanol-metabolizing hepatoma cells. Hepatology 35: 1196-1204, 2002.
2) Cardin, R., D’Errico, A., Florentino, M.A., Cecchetto, A., Nacarato, R. and Farinati, F.: Hepatocyte proliferation and apoptosis in relation to oxidative damage in alcohol-related liver disease. Alcohol Alcoholism 37: 43-48, 2002.
3) Munaka, M., Kohshi, K., Kawamoto, T., Takasawa, S., Nagata, N., Itoh, H., Oda, S. and Katoh, T.: Genetic polymorophism of tabacco- and alcohol-related metabolizing enzymes and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 129: 355-360, 2003.
4) Yamagishi, Y., Horie, Y., Kajihara, M., Konishi, M., Ebinuma, H., Saito, H., Kato, S., Yokoyama, A., Maruyama, K. and Ishii, H.: Hepatocellular carcinoma in heavy drinkers with negative markers for viral hepatitis. Hepatol. Res. 28: 177-183, 2004.
5) McKillop, I.H. and Schrum, L.W.: Alcohol and liver cancer. Alcohol 35: 195-203, 2005

Pancreatic Cancer
1) Malka, D., Hammel, P., Maire, F., Rufat, P., Maderia, I., Pessione, F., Levy, P. and Ruszniewski, P.: Risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in chronic pancreatitis. Gut 51: 849-852, 2002.
2) Miyasaka, K., Kawakami, T., Shimokata, H., Ohta, S. and Funakoshi, A.: Inactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 increased the risk of pancreatic cancer among smokers in a Japanese male population. Pancreas 30: 95-98, 2005.

Breast Cancer
1) Singletary, K.W. and Gapstur, S.M,: Alcohol and breast cancer. Review of epidemiological and experimental evidence and potential mechanisms. JAMA 286: 2143-2151, 2001.
2) Wright, R.M., McManaman, J.L. and Repine, J.E.: Alcohol-induced breast cancer: a proposed mechanism. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 26: 348-354, 1999.
3) Dumitrescu, R.G. and Shields, P.G.: The etiology of alcohol-induced breast cancer. Alcohol 35: 213-225, 2005.

Lung Cancer
1) Yokoyama, A., Muramatsu, T., Ohmori, T., Yokoyama, T., Okuyama, K., Takahashi, H., et al.: Alcohol-related cancers and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 in Japanese alcoholics. Carcinogenesis. 19: 1383-1387, 1998.
2) Ginsberg, G., Smolenski, S., Hattis, D. and Sonawane, B.: Population distribution of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 genetic polymorphism: Implication for risk assessment. Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 36: 297-309, 2002.

Other Implications

Brain Damage: Neuropaty, Alzheimer’s disease, etc
1) Hunt, W.A.: Role of acetaldehyde in the actions of ethanol on the brain- a review. Alcohol 13, 147-151, 1996.
2) Masaki, T., Mochizuki, H., Matsushita, S., Yokoyama, A., Kamakura, K., Higuchi, S.: Association of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 polymorphism with alcoholic polyneuropathy in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 363: 288-290, 2004.
3) Mochizuki, H., Masaki, T., Yokoyama, A., Matsushita, S., Kamakura, K., Motoyoshi, K. and Higuchi, S.: Prolonged central sensory conduction time in alcoholics with hypoactive aldehyde dehydrogenase-2. Neurosci. Res. 50: 233-236, 2004.
4) Ohsawa, I., Nishimaki, K., Yasuda, C., Kamino, K. and Ohta, S.: Deficiency in a mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase increases vulnerability to oxidative stress in PC12 cells. J. Neurochem. 84: 1110-1117, 2003.
5) Brooks, P.J.: Brain atrophy and neuronal loss in alcoholism: a role for DNA damage? Neurochem. Int. 37: 403-412, 2000.
6) Markesbery, W.R. and Carney, J,M.: Oxidative alterations in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Pathol. 9: 133-146, 1999.
7) Kamino, K., Nagasaka, K., Imagawa, M., Yamamoto, H., Yoneda, H., Ueki, A., Kitamura, S., Namekata, K., Miki, T. and Ohta, S.: Deficiency in mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase increases the risk for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease in the Japanese population. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 273: 192-196, 2000.

Pancreatitis
1) Bansal, P. and Sonnenberg, A.: Pancreatitis is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology 109: 247-252, 1995.
2) Kihara, Y. and Otsuki, M.: Chronic pancreatitis-etiology and pathogenesis. J. Jpn. Society Internal Med. 93: 38-44, 2004.